Wednesday, July 31, 2019
Food And Drug Administration On Tobacco Essay
Due to the remarkable number of premature deaths caused by smoking during the period of 1995-1999[1], the government agencies of America, especially the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) made several attempts in regulating tobacco and tobacco products. Lots of laws have been made in order to solve this problem. There was an attempt in issuing additional tax on each stick of the cigarette. However, people who smoke ranging from ‘minor’ smokers to heavy smokers would still continue to buy cigarettes regardless of its price. Some rules recommended the limitation of people’s access to tobacco products, as well as restrictions on the marketing of these products to minors. Do there need to be changes in existing laws? Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act were introduced in 2007[2].  This Act though abundant of ‘good laws’ is not strong. Some amendments should be made on the laws involved. How should those changes be approached and effected? Lots of amendments have been made on the laws. Some attempts were on the regulation of tobacco products through disclosure, annual registration, inspection, record keeping, and user fee requirements. Others approaches involve (1)limiting product sales on licensed drugstores; (2)prohibiting product sales through face-to-face transactions in retail outlets; (3) establishing a minimum age greater than 18 years of age for product purchases; (4) warning label and advertising requirements. These attempts would be well effected through thorough and consistent public dissemination.[3] Is there an impact on other government agencies? Identify the agencies impacted.                The impact of this change is not only on the government agencies. It would also affect other organizations such as in the world of business, advertisement, etc. The government agencies are the Federal Trade Commission, Federal Communications Commission, National Institute of Health, Peace Corps and as well as The White House. How should it be resolved?                Agreements should be made among affected agencies in order to resolve the impact of regularizing the circulation of tobacco. Others should give sacrifices for the sake of the health of the majority.                The best suggestion to solve this conflict is to develop a product that would totally replace tobacco products or at least replace nicotine-free ingredients for cigarettes. References: Bonnie, Richard J., Kathleen R. Stratton, Robert B. Wallace. (2007). Ending the Tobacco             Problem: A Blueprint for the Nation. Washington: The National Academy Press. Hickmann, Meredith A. (2003).The Food and Drug Administration (FDA). New York: Nova            Publishers. Kessler, David A. MD. (2000). A Question of Intent: A Great American Battle with a Deadly            Industry. Food and Drug Administration:Public Affairs. Redhead, Stephen and Jody Feder. (December 3, 2004). FDA Regulation of Tobacco             Products: A Policy and Legal Analysis. Retrieved from http://digital.library.unt.edu/            govdocs/crs/permalink/meta-crs-8198:1 on 13 April 2008. Preventing Tobacco Use Among Young People. Washington: Diane Publishing ,[1997]. Taking Action to Reduce Tobacco Use. Washington: [1]             Andrew C. von Eschenbach, M.D., Statement on H.R. 1108, Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, (October 3, 2007),                http://www.fda.gov/oc/oms/ofm/budget/2002/cj2002/HTML/Tobacco.htm, Accessed April 13, 2008. [2]             Richard J. Bonnie, Kathleen R. Stratton, Robert B. Wallace, Ending the Tobacco Problem: A Blueprint for the Nation, Washington: The         National Academy Press, 126. [3]             C. Stephen Redhead and Jody Feder, â€Å"FDA Regulation of Tobacco Products: A Policy and Legal Analysis,†(December 3, 2004), http://digital.library.unt.edu/govdocs/crs/permalink/meta-crs-8198:1, Accessed 13 April 2008.                Preventing Tobacco Use Among Young People (Washington: Diane Publishing ,[1997]), 278 – 282.
Tuesday, July 30, 2019
Multi Decision-Makers Equalizer Essay
A multi objective and multi decision-makers decision support system, which finds a balanced solution among different proposals made initially by the decision-makers, is presented here. The software, denominated multi decision-makers equalizer, balances the interests of the different decision-makers by inducing them to accept losses in certain objectives in exchange for gains in others. The method uses neither parameters of preference with an indirect meaning, such as the weights of relative importance, nor averages. It does not call for all the information at the beginning of the process, but through an iterative process of learning and exchange of information, it offers different possibilities. To begin with the decision support system helps each decision-maker, independently, to define his preferred alternative. The alternatives defined by the decision-makers will compete then among themselves, in a collective negotiation process, in order to define the final alternative to be implemented. (Drucker, 2005) In this initial stage of the process, a model named â€Å"Equalizer†helps each decision-maker, independently to find a non-dominated solution, in such a manner that the values achieved for the objectives are balanced according to his preferences in a similar way to that of the well-known equalizers of a music stereo component. In which, using visual aids, the decision-maker navigates over the Pareto Frontier. Given a point, the decision-maker can choose to improve one objective at the expense of another, increasing or diminishing the values achieved for the objectives to those he would be willing to accept. Once the new levels of achievements have been defined for certain objectives, the system obtains new values for the others, guaranteeing that the combination of the values achieved for the objectives is feasible and efficient (or non-dominated). This methodology assists the decision-maker in the understanding of the relationships in the feasible region of the problem being analyzed. During the search, the decision-maker is presented with information such as constraints, limitations, feasibilities, and efficient interchanges. It allows the decision-maker to begin learning and training process and progressively to select the preferred solution. In this manner he will be able to understand the system as an interrelated one, and to determine the levels at which he must sacrifice some objectives in order to improve others, and to observe the consequences of possible decisions. The method allows each decision-maker to propose to the whole group his preferred alternative. Once completed, the Multi decision-Maker Equalizer identifies the region for negotiation, which includes all the proposals, that is the part of the feasible region that envelops all the proposals, and assigns ranges of values for the objectives. The system defines a balanced solution according to these ranges as a temporary solution to the conflict. It is evaluated by all decision-makers, and if there is no agreement to the proposed solution, a new negotiation process is started. The method will allow each decision-maker, independently, to interact with the system, looking for a way to impel the process toward his interests, by making sacrifices in some objectives which may not be so important to him, but that could be very important to the others. Once the new proposals have been made, the method looks for a new agreement. The process is repeated until a definitive solution, which satisfies all the decision-makers, is reached. it is easier for a consensus to be reached. The method serves as a balancing mechanism, not only for the values achieved for the objectives but also for the decision-makers interests. Execution of Decisions The continuing reorganization of the bank’s procedures and departments was fueled by a growing understanding of the bank’s administration as an organic whole or system. Various organization charts, process charts, and routing diagrams documented this idea. They showed the management’s insight into the fact that its internal and external products were the result of the systematic processing of data and information through the whole organization. Moreover, this insight served to align more efficiently the primary criteria of the bank’s performance (with respect to making profit by satisfying its clients) and secondary criteria having to do with, for instance, balancing work speed and time taken for deliberation during the processing of actual transactions by employees. As far as we can deduce from the information available, this was not explicitly aimed at in ROBAVER. The new technology was not used to allow further division of labor or to remove employees further from decision making that would involve primary criteria. Employees were not made more automaton-like by the new technology. On the contrary, as we noted before, the direct contact that was established between the employees and customers meant that even at the lower levels of the organization, primary criteria had to be taken into account when making decisions. Summarizing, three of the four elements we distinguished have been shown to be present in the context of the reorganizations of ROBAVER in the introduction of the punched-card and other information technology. Improving the structure of the organization, and especially the communication flows, served to increase the accountability of the various departments, managers, and individual employees and also the possibilities of central management to monitor and control the organization as a whole in accordance with primary criteria. The more precise division of labor and tasks and functions of the employees at the departments allowed some measure of scientific management and the development of secondary criteria used to steer the behavior of employees. However, this was done in a way that encouraged the employees to make decisions involving, at least in part, primary criteria and taking the overall interests of the organization into account. In general, the employees were stimulated to come up with ideas useful to the organization. (Howard, & Matheson 2006)
Monday, July 29, 2019
Language Acquisition and Learning Essay
There are several theories as to how people acquire and learn the intricacies of language not only to communicate but also to communicate their ideas across an audience. As a matter of fact, most of these theories if not all of them contends with each other. The two famous contending ideas are that of the Behaviorist Theory purported by B. F. Skinner which argues that language learning is a matter of â€Å"imitation, practice, reinforcement, and habit formation (Author, Year)†and the Innatist Theory posited by Noam Chomsky which presents the notion of a Universal Grammar found in every human being’s mind that made them cognitively capable in learning a language (Author, Year). While both of these theories account for the similarities and differences in first language and second language learning, it is Stephen Krashen who first made a basic distinction that first language is acquired while second language is learned (Author, Year). According to Krashen, to acquire a language is to understand the language just like that of a child acquiring his/her first language without any conscious attention to the language form. On one hand, learning a language is to focus on the form and rules of a particular language. Aside from these basic differences there are also other factors that affect both first language acquisition and second language learning such as the cognitive and environmental aspects. In the cognitive aspect, Chomsky said that humans in terms of language learning have The Critical Period Hypothesis, a genetic program that contains the kinds of knowledge and skill necessary for the learning of a language in a specific period of every human’s life. This further suggests that most of human’s first language endeavor happens in this period which makes it easier to learn as opposed to second language learning that will happen beyond CPH. It is argued that beyond these critical periods, it is already difficult if not impossible to acquire those language learning skills as supported by the case study of a 12-year old boy Victor who grew up in the wilderness of France without any contact with any human language but the sound of the animals and the woods (Author, Year). It is believed that second language can no loner access the innate acquisition they have when they learn their first language which lead them to rely on their other cognitive skills. The second cognitive aspect is the knowledge of a prior language. Second language whether children or adults have already acquired a first language on their own that works both as an advantage and a disadvantage. It is an advantage because of the fact that they have a prior language on how languages work. It is a disadvantage in a sense that this prior knowledge would affect and influence the learner’s knowledge of the second language that would inevitable lead them to make incorrect guesses on how the second language works. Second language learners already have cognitive maturity and metalinguistic awareness that a first language learner does not have which allows them to solve problems and engage themselves in language discussions. Moreover, there are also attitudinal and cultural differences involve in between first language acquisition and second language learning. First is the willingness to use and experiment the new language. For instance, children learning their first language would try to express themselves in different ways sometimes in erroneous ways even when their proficiency in the language is limited. However, adult second language learners would find it stressful to not able to express themselves which inhibits them to endeavor with the language. Lastly, there is an environmental differences involved in language learning acquisition and learning. For instance, first language learners are exposed in an informal environment where parents respond to their children’s language in a natural way such as a correction based on meaning as opposed to a correction based grammar accuracy. Correction is often made through reaction as opposed to a second language learning setting where every wrong utterance is corrected. In this way, second language learners are deprived of the experiencing language in a real communication set- up which is hazardous in their learning.
Analysis and critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Analysis and critique - Essay Example Launching of the commercial for Ford’s the new redesigned 2013 Mustang was the first time, that Ford promoted its muscle car since it launched the Mustang V6 in the year 2010. This paper is an analysis of the 2013 Ford Mustang Commercial. The commercial was created to work in tandem with Mustang Customizer’s success, as well as the downloadable app that allows all visitors to build or customize their own Mustang. This can be done by selecting colors, decals and accessories to complement an already impressive design. Mustang car owners are a unique market with independence thus like their cars to reflect the personalities that drive them. The Customizer site pays homage to this fact about Mustang owners. The Ford Mustang 2013 commercial was mainly aimed at Mustang owners and enthusiasts. Conventional advertising normally revolves around the product not the client, thus by highlighting how one can customize their Mustang, the target was surely the Mustang enthusiasts. Com panies will seek to tout the benefits and performance of a product, seek to sell their items, and expound on how the product will make life better. Mustang owners are very passionate where their cars are concerned and, rather than just show benefits and features, the new commercial aims at attracting Mustang enthusiasts to the fact that a car is an extension of them. The commercial aims at showing all Mustang enthusiasts that they all have an inner Mustang just waiting to be released. The video commercial for the Ford Mustang was quite successful in attracting enthusiasts to its customizer site. Since the fall, the customizer site, as well as its apps, has been getting very popular, getting more than four million creations of digital Mustangs created (Karotki 1). This has been coupled to a sixty-two percent increase in the Ford Mustangs’ social network community, especially facebook. Facebook has seen a jump from one million six hundred thousand fans to two million six hundre d thousand fans. The app’s downloads have shot to over two hundred thousand, with twenty-five percent of all Mustang digital customizations occurring through a mobile application. The results are a confirmation that the potential seen by Mustang, creating a social platform allowing owners of Mustang cars to have some fun with the Mustang brand, was further enhanced by the commercial. The social platform also allows them to interact with each other and share Mustang design tips. The advertisement has succeeded in directing its customers to the Mustang site, which was what it set out to do in the first place. The commercial, especially the constantly changing designs and delightful color schemes, have allowed owners to build the Mustang V6, Boss 302 and GT by simply choosing from decals, wheels, trims, and various colors (Karotki 1). The Mustang enthusiasts have been attracted to the customizer page battle, by showing the power of interaction as the car cruises down the streets , where they can compete against each other. While conventional marketing might have dictated that Mustang utilize its revenue on promoting the Mustang’s revised design, the V8 with four hundred and twenty horse power, or the company’s history, they did not do this. Instead, the company chose this commercial to tout Mustang’s personalization aspect by constantly changi
Sunday, July 28, 2019
Cultural differences dictated by differences in foods consumed affect Research Paper
Cultural differences dictated by differences in foods consumed affect the diabetes prevalence rates - Research Paper Example Exposure to these foods over a long period of time exposes them to different types of diabetes. Other cultures have gone a step further and modified their foods to meet different tastes and references. The modified foods may also contain high levels of sugar. A high level of sugar in food translates to diabetes when a person becomes overweight or develops high blood sugar. It is important to note that eating foods containing high levels of sugar does not necessarily mean that a person is exposed to diabetes. Some cultures also consume food which is high in calories which eventually leads to weight gain. Lack of exercise to burn out the excess calories contributes to diabetes. Diabetes related problems also bring about visual complications. If untreated, visual complications cause blindness. This situation is also influenced by the different types of foods consumed (AHRQ 1). Some cultural diets are known to contain too much syrup, other contain too much carbohydrates and many other types of foods that contain sugar. Different cultures also have different eating patterns and lifestyle that exposes them to diabetes. When treating patient with diabetes, doctors always consider the traditional diet of the patient. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Diabetes Disparities Among Racial and Ethnic Minorities. U.S Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2001. Retrieved from
Saturday, July 27, 2019
Obesity Epidemic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Obesity Epidemic - Essay Example now been declared a worldwide epidemic by the World Health Organization, after research indicated that it parallels to around 265 million adults and children around 15 million, simply meaning that there must be something we ought to do in order to regulate this situation and work towards an obese free world (Debasis & Preuss 30). According to Debasis and Preuss (38), for the last thirty years, there has been a drastic increase especially in childhood obesity. People should be asking themselves why there must be such a situation today. Take into consideration the situation of Barry Austin; he believed in eating so much that at one point he was heard saying that food was his god! Just at a mere age of 29, he was having a weight close to 320kg! From his close study, it was revealed that Barry’s breakfast consisted of four packets of crisps and almost three quarters a box of biscuits of which he consumed all. During lunch, which was from the chip shop, he would add several plates of beans on toast, additional Crips, and fruit cakes. If he was taking tea, he would have 12 roast potatoes, pie, custard, vegetables and gravy and 5 lamb chops. All these would then be cleared down the threat by 11 liters of soda every day. With respect to Hatfield and Stanton, they explain that studies have shown that Americans are consuming their foods well but not wisely. They further explain that the food habits have been growing for Americans every now and then. This is due to their ignorance in consuming a balanced diet. Some biological factors such as genes and the history of the family tend to increase the chances of developing obesity. Emotional factors could also be a contributing factor to this world catastrophe. One unique thing with obesity is that it doesn’t discriminate age nor gender. It affects the young and the old, the women and the men, blacks and whites, meaning that every kind of person is affected (Stern & Kazaks, 108). Obesity has symptoms that most people
Friday, July 26, 2019
Glo-bus report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Glo-bus report - Essay Example The performance target forecasting gives the performances of EPS, ROE, credit rating, image rating AND year end stock price that the management of D Crystal Company has set for the next two years. The report also provides the support for the forecast that the management has set. There is detailed analysis for the company’s competitive strategy in entry-level cameras. The report gives account of how the strategy has evolved for the last two years that the current management team has been in place. The report documents on how the different geographical regions influenced the company’s strategy. There is an explanation of how the geographical regions made the company consider different strategies for these regions. The report documents on the results of using these strategies in the regions that were analyzed. The report gives a detailed analysis on the company’s competitive strategy in the multi-featured cameras. There is a vivid explanation of how the strategy has evolved all over the years. The report gives a detailed on the reasons why different strategies used in the different regions compared to the other regions. The report concludes with the vision of the management were they want the company to be in the coming days. The report gives a detailed analysis on the challenges faced by the management. ... These is equal to the dividing the profit with the number of shares of the common stocks outstanding at the end of the year (Inc). this is presented by an EPS graph below for the The individual company EPS value appears under column of each year. The numbers in the numbers in the parenthesis below the yearly column represents the management team targets for EPS that year and the investors expect the same. The companies represented by bold numbers meet the investors expected EPS targets. The final column at the EPS is normally representing the sum of all profits the whole year computed and divided by the sum of common stock for all the year computed. This column gives the summary of the companies EPS for the years presented for a given data. The EPS graph gives the companies count for the stock sales and purchase of common stocks that the company may have made over time. The graph helps in determining the game to date score of the investor expectations and best in industry standards. The analysis. For the last two years, the EPS of the company has been reducing to a level that is below the investors’ expectations. Due to the low market in the Asian, Europe, Latin America and North America region is low. The target that we would set for the next two years will also be low as we have to review our strategies for these regions since the sales are very low. The incentives to use to raise the are more vibrant advertisements. ROE analysis. The return on equity scores is determined by dividing the the net profit by the average of the beginning of the year shareholder equity and end of the year shareholders equity. During the past two years, the company did not meet the investor expectation for the ROE targets. The ROE targets for the last two years are
Thursday, July 25, 2019
Web Development for Information Management Coursework
Web Development for Information Management - Coursework Example System†,â€Å"Boston Pizza†, â€Å"Zuppler Online Ordering Menus†, â€Å"Funny Cow Fast Food†, â€Å"Hoagies & Wings, LA†), it was observed that there is an underlying trend that is generally followed while designing food delivery websites. Usually, a food provider hosts a website with a URL that depicts the food company’s name or some memorable association to it; a name that the customers can easily remember. On the homepage of the website is displayed the logo of the company, contact details and a detailed menu of the company’s food items with pricing, the delivery time, availability and cost for all the items. The customer is given the option to select food items from the menu displayed on the homepage. Whatever item the customer selects, it is added to an item’s cart that displays the total accumulated billing of the order so far along with the items selected. Once the customer is done selecting the items, he/she selects the check-out option from menu. In case, the customer is new, he/she provides some personal information (i.e. contact detail and delivery address) to register to the site and place the order. This information is stored within a database maintained by the food providers. In case, the customer is not new, he/she can use the login details from the past orders. The personal information will be retrieved automatically based on these details and the order will be placed automatically. The payment is done either online by provide credit card details or by hand on delivery. Once the order is placed, a notification is sent to the food provider regarding the placement of an order. This could be through sms, fax or a notification on the system running at the provider’s work area. The orders can be grouped into ‘completed’, ‘active’ and ‘pending’. Once the provider accepts an order, a confirmation is sent to the customer, either through an email or sms. The staff starts preparing the ordered food. Once the food is prepared, it is
Wednesday, July 24, 2019
Origin and establishment of Christianity in Armenia Essay
Origin and establishment of Christianity in Armenia - Essay Example The foundation of the Armenian Apostolic Church was continued by St. Bartholomew, another Christ’ disciple, who came to Armenia and preached mostly in the province of Siunik, where he martyred. He is probably mentioned in the gospels under the name of Nathanael. He started his preaching in Armenia in the Koghtan region where he founded a church. Two apostles started two lines of bishops, the Sees of Ardaz and Siunik. Notwithstanding the lack of written documents or objective evidence, as well as gaps in the lines, historians have to admit the succession of bishops basing on the tradition. According to different versions, the See of Ardaz is ascribed from seven to nine bishops, including Zaharia, Zementus, Atrnerseh, Moshe, Sghahen, Shavarsh, Ghevondius, and Mehoroujan, with a name missing for the years 193-230 and eight or five bishops, the successors of St. Bartholomew. The two sets were not independent of each other but had the same centers in Edessa and Caesarea.The amount of Christian enlarged steadily, though the persecutions continued. The Armenian King Sanatruk was followed by Vaharsh, Khorsov I and Trdat III. However, it was during the reign of the latter that Christianity was established as an official church of the Armenia, which is said to be the first precedent in the world’s history. The adoption of Christianity by Trdat is surrounded with legends that much influenced the religious literature of Armenia created in the following centuries and shaped the religious outlook of the people.
Discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2
Discussion - Assignment Example Failure to do this may lead to a manager being legally charged with negligence of responsibilities. The manager having knowledge and failing to act on that information has even more legal and ethical implications on the manager than not having any prior knowledge at all. This represents not only negligence but also ignorance. Even though the punishment may be the same in front of the law, ethically, that manager is worse than the one who had no knowledge. Failure to run a complete background check and investigate or inquire further on the violent behavior of the employee amounts to being liable to any violent act the employee might enforce on another employee and hence the manager being held liable to the harmed or injured employee too. In conclusion, according to USDA, the responsibilities of the manager towards ensuring that the employees being hired have no violence behavior or predisposition of violent behavior are very important in order to protect the other employees and also the image or the organization failure to which ethical and legal action may be employed on the
Tuesday, July 23, 2019
Historical and Current Roles in Higher Education Research Paper
Historical and Current Roles in Higher Education - Research Paper Example Historically, education served as a mechanism through which the public good was advanced. However, currently, this ideology has changed over the years and new roles erupted. For instance, the societal benefits of education have changed to individual benefits. Institutions are equipping the students with the necessary skills that will enable them to fit in the job market. Therefore, the modern role of education is value addition (Hensley, Galilee-Belfer, & Lee, 2013). The perception that education is the only existing gateway to the middle-class has increased the demand for education in the modern society. Therefore, more institutions have come up in order to fill this gap. However, this has affected the quality of education in the country (Lansverk, 2013). This is because institutions are now highly concerned about the numbers they admit rather than the quality of the information being disseminated to the students. Education is currently perceived as a one time investment expenditure. As a result, parents are willing to spend a fortune in order to equip their children with education. This has played a significant role in increasing the overall costs of college education. In an attempt to get a share of the mega profits, private institutions that are run using a business model have mushroomed. It is believed that education leads to the improvement of public health and welfare. As a result, the government has been instrumental in ensuring that more children gain a degree. In order to achieve this ambition more institutions of higher learning have been established. This explains the reason why the number of both the public and private institutions have increased tremendously. It is believed that education increases happiness, improve the living standards of a household and improve the financial management of the individuals. The government feels that it has a role of improving the living
Monday, July 22, 2019
Assessing Your Company for Noble Cause Essay Example for Free
Assessing Your Company for Noble Cause Essay In the past few years, dramatic change has been observed in the ways that are being used for completing a job, as it is not difficult to find and keep great employees in the company. An overall shift in workplace values has been raised, which is a fact, and which, has changed the ways that were used to perform and complete the work by the employees. In this regard, it is very important to understand the abovementioned shift, in order to build a strong company, while saving on the payroll. Some other factors have played a vital role in changing the attitude of these employees, as well as, their values in the company. The trend of global market is one of the factors, by which, the position of potency of the employees have been strapped securely. In addition, worker empowerment and change in demographics have also played a crucial role in thrusting so-called knowledge workers in the front seats of the company. The need of a better work and life balance has also tends the career to be sacrificed by the employees in this determination. Traditionally, turnover has been stemming by the offering of incentives, such as, promotions, raises, etc. by the companies. However, a more organic crop of incentives has been turned by the human resource directors forcefully. Some of the reasons of this change have been the global competition and wages, which have rise significantly in the past years. In addition, hierarchies have collapsed and the promotion pool has shrunk in these years. Wise companies will not let any short-term downturn alter their efforts to become one of the most desirable places to work†as suggested by a West Coast-based retention strategist and speaker, John B. Izzo. (Withers, 2001) Demographics cannot be changed by the human resource directors. However, the employer-employee power dynamic, which is being affected by the fourth factor, can be responded by the companies today. Lines are now being drawn in the sand, as an increment has been observed in the risk of burnout tenfold by the working of longer hours and less leisure time of the employees. In this regard, a pace of change unprecedented in history is being faced by the workers in companies. It has been observed that self-identity is being tied up with the work identity by today’s workers, as shown in different studies. Instead, work and leisure is being tried to balance with the help of different ways that are being explored by these workers. In this regard, shifting of the values of these workers has been observed discernibly. The ways are intensifying, which are being implemented by the workers, in order to achieve their personal goals. In this regard, great staff is being found, kept, and engaged with the help of following strategies: Practical situations and offers should be made to the employees with the regard to the improvement and enhancement of their work and life balance. A sense of a deeper cause should be promoted for the employees. Different opportunities related to the professional development and growth of the employees should be offered. Employees should be treat like partners rather than treating them as servants. A community should be created in the workplace, in order to help workers in their office work, as well as, their homework. Trust should be rebuilt with the workers in every way. Suggestions for Companies An initial assessment has been designed from the following statements regarding the way an organization and its departments are doing in response to the procedures of search for employees with perspective of a noble cause. Thinking will be guided from this assessment, however, no definitive quantitative appraisal will be provided by it. A scale has also been provided to asses the statement regarding your work environment. The deeper meaning of the product or a service has been described by a statement of the company. For instance, human life has been improved and preserved, people are made happy at home, etc. (It ‘Yes’ is the answer, but, it is rare, then 1 point should be assigned. If the statement is real and applied often, then 3 points should be tallied). Company provides opportunities regarding the different volunteerism and community services to the employees. (If the opportunities have been provided by the company, then 1 point should be given. If training and encouragement is given to the employees, then 2 points should be given. If payment is given to the employees who participate in these activities, then give 3 points) . The people are inspired by higher ethics, in order to perform the right thing with the help of a set of values in the company. (If a set of values is in the organization, but it is rarely applied, then give 1 point. If these values have been employed, and ensuring methods have been implemented, then 3 points should be given. If such a statement is in the company, but the values are not observed by the company, and it has become a joke for the employees, then subtract 2 points) . In the community, a reputation regarding the commitment has been gained by the company with regard to the larger community. (one point) . Profits are not considered the only way of presenting the results of the company. However, the people who have been impact by the services of the company are often presented during large company meetings. (If these habits are performed by the company, then 1 point should be given. If services are given stronger preference over profits, then 3 points should be given) .
Sunday, July 21, 2019
Factors Contributing to Obesity and Diabetes among Americans
Factors Contributing to Obesity and Diabetes among Americans Obesity is a condition that emanates from malnutrition and presents with serious social and psychological problems. It is present across different ages and affects individuals in the developing and developed countries. Aiko and Sturm (845-856) writes that obesity has turned into one of the most serious global epidemics as it spreads, to many parts of the globe affecting millions of healthy lives each day. The most shocking revelation is that obesity epidemic is not only affecting developed nations. From studies this condition continues to affect even the individuals in the developing world. This essay aims at discussing some of the views of Aiko and Sturm who authored an article dubbed â€Å"The obesity epidemic and changes in self-report biases in BMI.†on obesity epidemic and how self-report biases have increased the trends in obesity cases across the globe. This essay will also cite the research gaps that the authors did not include in their study. According to World Health Organisation (WHO), the obesity epidemic remains one of the ignored public health problems that affect millions of individuals across the globe. In a forecast, WHO predicts that without proper public health initiatives, obesity epidemic will affect many people globally and lead to aggressive health complications. According to WHO, this condition is mainly affecting women as compared to men. Nonetheless, the author notes that many men have higher cases of overweight while women have higher cases of obesity. What the article fails to mention is the cases of obesity among children. Children who had developed obesity in the US and other major cities tend to place the blame on the food sellers such as McDonald. The author reiterates that while many people blame the eater (children), the blame should be made on the food makers. I agree with the author on the fact that many children who are trying to get affordable foods often end up feeding on unhealthy fast foods. Such foods as stated by Aiko and Sturm (855) should not be taken more than once in a single day. However, the author notes how he had to eat fast foods repeatedly since it was the only option for affordable food. This article explains that there are many cases of diabetes because the fast food industry has grown ten-fold t offer children as well as adults cheaper and easier alternative to affordable foods. Nevertheless, many people working in the restaurants have not realised the dangers that they expose their customers to. I also agree with the fact that ignorance among individuals has contributed to obesity epidemic. While many people yearn for sumptuous foods sold in McDonald, Taco, and KFC, a few understand the risks of obesity that they are exposed to. The fact that Food and Drug Administration does not cover prepared foods, there is little information concerning the caloric contents of such foods. Additionally, I also contend with the claim that marketing of hazardous fast foods to children is to blame for the heightened rates of obesity among the children. As many fast food companies continue to grow, many children find access to such foods regularly. This has led to unprecedented levels of risks of developing obesity. In this manner, the claim by the author that food sellers are to be blamed for the obesity epidemic. However, the author did not mention the possible effects of sedentary lifestyle and other risk factors such as family history of obesity and lack of warning labels on high-calorie foods. On the other hand, there are many initiatives that had been introduced in the US such as funding for new bike trails and sidewalks, restrictive labelling of foods and prohibiting marketing of dangerous foods to children. According to the article, such initiatives have the ability of reducing the cases of obesity among school children. High tax for high-fat foods aimed at reducing the production and sale of foods known to cause obesity among the children. According to Gotay et al. (e64-e68), such initiatives are wrought and irrelevant. Balko (Para.3) objects such moves on the basis that they limit the ownership of one’s control of health. The author says that if such regulations are enforced, then certain individuals are forced to be responsible for other people’s problems. I contend with the claim that individuals have become irresponsible for their own health. While people are supposed to care about their health, many individuals continue to blame the Federal Government on healthcare management. While many consumers continue to develop bad habits, obesity epidemic continues to rise. I also contend that whatever we eat is our own business. While there are many people who think that public health can resolve the issue of obesity, I concur with the writer that our health is a private issue and should not belong to the public health. For instance, Aiko and Sturm (856-860) note that fighting the obesity epidemic starts by change of lifestyle, nutrition as well as physical exercise. These preventive measures are often done privately and not with the help of the government or the public health. However, I disagree with the author on account that healthcare should be privatized. While the government spends millions of shillings in facilitating preventive proj ects, Dietz (575-596) acknowledge that many people may not be able to afford such initiatives. The cost of health is very high, as such; public health programs aim at initiating preventive measures that target the reduction of diseases and epidemics. It is true that the contemporary methods of measuring obesity among various populations. The article dubbed, â€Å"The Obesity Epidemics and the changes in the Self-reported biases in BMI,†gives a clear insight of how cases of obesity are not fully discovered among individuals. Idyllically, such cases may remain obscure for a longer period of time without the knowledge of the public health officials. I agree with the author that biases subject to social desirability as well as recall errors have led to poor reporting of obesity cases in many countries. As such, this event has facilitated increased cases of obesity leading to unimaginable obesity epidemic. The author notes that BMI measurement error leads to underestimation of the BMI that can be used to determine the case of obesity among individuals. I also contend with Aiko and Sturm on the fact that media coverage on the cases of obesity has uncovered the lack of awareness among individuals and their weights. According to Aiko and Sturm (4), poor reporting of BMI is one of the faults that ostensibly cause lack of awareness on obesity and related disorders. However, the media has played an imminent role that has transformed lives of many individuals by exposing the disparities in BMI self-reports and the actual BMI reports. While the bias in self-reporting has been cited as one of the reasons why obesity is growing rapidly in the US, Aiko and Sturm (3) note that measuring of the BMI should include the detailed analyses that will minimise the errors that occur during measurement of the procedures. While the media has been proactive in raising obesity awareness in the recent times, Aiko and Sturm (5) note that the problem of error in self-reporting has led to poor accuracy in estimating the number of individuals who suffer from obesity. To this end, acknowledge that there are possibilities of the obesity epidemic becoming out of control. Individuals only continue to gain weight when there are no weight reduction initiatives. As such, it is important to institute proper weight and height measuring techniques that ensure accuracy in reporting the BMIs of individuals. The BMI measurement remains the commonest way of determining whether an individual is obese or not. In this manner, it is imperative as stated by Aiko and Sturm (5) to use techniques that teach individual populations on the obesity epidemic. On the contrary, I disagree with the claims of the author that the outburst of obesity epidemic is due to errors in measuring the BMI among individuals. Ideally, there are many factors that have changed over time concerning how individuals view healthy choices. Awareness on the obesity issues help in adopting preventive measures that help many individuals in preventing obesity. In this manner, the author should have included lack of information as one of the main facilitators of obesity. A mixture of factors leads to the development of obesity. In this manner, note that erroneous measurement of the BMI can only be counted as a secondary factor in the development of obesity epidemic. The American Heart Association indicates that many Americans are dealing with complications of obesity in the United States. This is a confirmation that this condition has become a major epidemic. Individuals have chosen unhealthy lifestyles that continue to facilitate the development of the epidemic. With the increased trends in technology, sedentary lifestyles have replaced the manual techniques that ensured physical activities among individuals. On the other side, resisting food cues has been a major problem among many individuals suffering from weight problems. As such, there is a major problem in dealing with nutrition and lifestyle than dealing with BMI measurement errors. However, Aiko and Sturm (4) are also right since raising awareness on obesity can help people in remaining fully aware and capable of regulating risks that can initiate the development of obesity. To this end, it is evident that obesity epidemic is dependent on variant factors that should be considered while preventing the condition. Works Cited Dietz, William. The Response of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the Obesity Epidemic. Annual review of public health 36 (2015): 575-596. Gotay, Carolyn, et al. Updating the Canadian obesity maps: an epidemic in progress. Can J Public Health 104.1 (2012): e64-e68. Hattori, Aiko, and Roland Sturm. The obesity epidemic and changes in self-report biases in BMI. Obesity 21.4 (2013): 856-860. Radley, Balko. â€Å"What you Eat is your Business.†Commentary (2004): Para.1-16
Saturday, July 20, 2019
How does Macbeth Change throughout the Play?
How does Macbeth Change throughout the Play? Throughout the course of the play, Macbeths character changes from good to evil. As the audience we are given ample opportunities to look at the way in which he changes and the influences that help bring about the shift in character. Shakespeare also uses dramatic devices to highlight Macbeths change. In this essay the influences that Macbeth was exposed to and the effect that Shakespeares use of dramatic devices has on the audiences understanding will be explored. A soliloquy is a classical literary technique it is the act of speaking while alone, especially when used as a theatrical device that allows a characters thoughts and ideas to be conveyed to the audience. In a play, soliloquies are important because these are the thoughts of the character and he/she will always be telling the truth. The soliloquies let the audience keep up with how the main characters are thinking so that the writer can create the image that there are many sides to every character. Shakespeare uses soliloquies to give us an insight as to what Macbeth is thinking, they are un-edited thoughts and opinion that he is not saying to anyone else. As Shakespeare does not use a narrator who can explain what Macbeth really thinks, it is important for Macbeth that he uses soliloquies; as he is a complex character, his entire personality changes throughout the course of the play. Soliloquies are a window directly into his thoughts and emotions. Without them, we would only know, as much as the other characters and by knowing more there is sometimes some dramatic irony which therefore gives the audience power. Macbeth has a few fatal flaws which allow him to receive the title of a traditional tragic hero. The first is his à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦vaulting ambition, and arrogance. This is a result of his hubris, tragic greed and pride. It is these excessive qualities which usually lead to the downfall and ultimately the death of a tragic hero in classical tragedy. After temptation from his wife and witches to perform murder Macbeth, makes this fall from a brave and noble general. This hubris is seen in many of Shakespeares other tragic plays where there is always a tragic hero who realises the error of their ways when it too late. This is seen in plays such as Anthony and Cleopatra, Othello and Hamlet. In William Shakespeares tragic play Macbeth, the state of mind of Macbeth deteriorates throughout the play as we see the transformation of Macbeth, from hero to villain. At the beginning of the play, Macbeth and Banquo are told to have been fighting in the battle. Macbeth is then hailed as brave Macbeth, as a hero because he has killed the rebel McDonald and is continuing to face the Norwegian troops successfully. Then we are told that Macbeth has triumphed again capturing the traitor Cawdor, obtaining ransom and a favourable peace treaty from the King of Norway. For brave Macbeth well he deserves that name - is used by a Sergeant to describe his actions in battle. O valiant cousin, worthy gentleman are used by the King. This shows that Macbeth really was a hero; as such, a compliment from the King was considered a great honour. The King, Duncan sentences Cawdor to death and rewards Macbeth with his title. He becomes a tyrant due to his ruthless ambition to be King, spurred on by some interfering witches putting ideas into his head by predicting that he will be King and Lady Macbeth, his bossy wife. Macbeth feels less and less guilty about the murders he has committed but Lady Macbeths mind deteriorates throughout the play, and slowly the locked up guilt drives her mad. In Act 1 Scene 3 the three witches greet Macbeth as Thane of Cawdor, Glamis and finally King. The belief in the existence and power of witches was widely believed in Shakespeares day, as confirmed by the witch hunt craze. The practice of witchcraft was seen to undermine and threaten the established order of religion and society, and so was not tolerated. The belief of the majority during the seventeenth century suggests that the witches are powerful figures who can exercise great power over Macbeth. Also King James the First took a great interest in witches, having many killed, however most importantly he believed in witchcraft and its power. The three witch characters in Macbeth are seen as evil. It could be concluded that they were responsible for creating Macbeths evil desire for the throne, therefore the audience may be influenced by Shakespeares portrayal of the witches and believe his representation of them. Macbeths character begins to develop in the way he reacts to the witches prophecies. The witches planted seeds of ambition in his mind and he lets them fester until he begins to believe them. Later in the scene Macbeth is actually announced Thane of Cawdor. In a soliloquy Macbeth ponders upon what the witches have predicted This supernatural soliciting cannot be ill cannot be good. If ill why hath it given me earnest of success commencing in a truth? At this point Macbeth is trying to convince himself that there is nothing wrong with what has happened and that if it were evil then something good would not have come from it. The fact that repetition is used emphasises the main theme of the play, the balance between good and evil. When evil prevails everything takes a turn for the worst reminding us to choose good over evil. He then goes on to say: My Thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical. This quotation shows that Macbeths idea to murder Duncan is still only a fantasy and is not reality, indicating he is unsure and may need persuasion either way. At this point in the play he is in doubt or sitting on the fence. Banquo then interrupts Macbeth during his speech saying Look how our partners rapt. This could symbolise how there is a direct contrast as now Banquo is the symbol of good and Macbeths integrity is in question. Macbeth then says: If chance will have me king then chance will crown me without my stir. From this quote w e can see that Macbeth is willing to let fate take its course, and accepts that what will be, will be. The witches prophecies make him believe he will be crowned without having the act noble. However this is not what happens, Macbeth feels the need to direct his destiny to ensure his place on the throne. The next soliloquy is short and it deals with Macbeths views on who was the currant heir to the throne the Prince of Cumberland. -The Prince of Cumberland: that is a step on which I must fall down, or else oerleap, for in my Way it lies. At this point Macbeth is filled with anger and jealousy. Macbeth is stating that the Prince of Cumberland is in the way of him and the throne. Macbeth knows he must deal with the prince somehow, or else he will be beaten by him. At the end of the speech his tone is more calm and controlled as he maintains his decency and morality by masking what lies beneath. Let not light see my black and deep desires. It is apparent that he is surer than in the previous speech as no questions are asked, showing his state of mind is less doubtful. Although he is angry, especially at the beginning of the speech, Macbeth seems clearer in his mind about his plans concerning gaining the throne. However he is still aware that it is wrong to think such black thoughts. The main change in Macbeths character from the previous speech is that he is more certain in his mind and in his actions. He is more decisive and in addition he is becoming increasingly deceptive. In the next soliloquy, in Act I Scene 7, Macbeth finds himself struggling with his conscience, over the possibility of regicide. He is troubled that the consequences he would face were enormous, and that there are many reasons why he should not murder Duncan. At the beginning of the soliloquy he has made no decision as to whether the deed will be carried out and at the end of the soliloquy he is still undecided. Macbeth is speaking as his servants are preparing for Duncans arrival at Macbeths castle. This is also a time when Macbeth realises that what the witches predicted is coming true. The soliloquy opens with a euphemism of the word murder If it were done. Macbeth uses this, and other, euphemisms because murderous thoughts are alien to him. Macbeth is depicted by the language to be a very moral and conscientious man. The euphemisms show that the horrid deed disgusts him, because he knows that regicide is a serious sin punishable by eternal damnation. There is also an example of alliteration in this speech: If th Assassination Could trammel up the Consequence, and catch, With his Surcease, Success The sibilance used in this quotation draws attention to surcease and success. The use of these words is ironic because, it is very rare that death and success are related to each over. Macbeth is willing to sacrifice the afterlife for greatness, now, in this life. At this point Macbeth is clearly giving the idea considerable serious thought. He goes on to list all the decisions why he shouldnt kill Duncan. This shows he is still logical in his decisions and he is aware of how traitorous it is for a host and kinsman to kill the king. He should be the one person who should risk his own life to stop such a thing happening to the king whilst he is in his house Not bear the knife myself .In this soliloquy Macbeth reveals to the audience his lose morals, because the theme of this speech is that he regards murder as worthwhile and thinks there is nothing wrong with it if you benefit. However Macbeth recognises that it is his ambition to become King that will lead to his downfall. But in these cases We still have Judgement here, that we but teach Bloody Instructions, which, being taught, return To plague th Inventor. Macbeth is now aware that his bad deeds will come back and plague him; this is a factor which occurs in most of Shakespeares tragedies where the main character contributes to his own downfall. At this point in the play the audience may start to really dislike his character. He is showing no signs of doubt. It shows he can not differentiate between good and evil because he is so ambitious he is focused only on becoming King and it does not matter to him how he achieves his goal. During the next soliloquy the murder is immanent; Macbeth is waiting for the bell which is the signal for him to go a kill Duncan. This is a very edgy and tense time for Macbeth his mind is tormented and so he begins to hallucinate, and he sees a dagger. Is this a Dagger which I see before me, The handle toward my Hand? Having this speech just before the murder creates an air of apprehension. There is a sense that there is no going back. The bell which Lady Macbeth rings is a sign for the act of murder to begin; this adds to the intensity of the speech and creates suspense. Macbeth is now more recognisable as evil. The bell signals the beginning of the end for Macbeth, his character can never return after this night, and his deeds become more and more gruesome and evil as the play progresses. It now seems that he is eager to murder Duncan; Come let me clutch thee. This shows that Macbeth is anticipating how the murder will be carried out. Instead of contemplating whether he will murder Duncan, he is now deciding how to murder Duncan. Macbeth is no longer using the reasoning, which separated him from animals, and has reduced himself to the level of an animal. The animal, which is mentioned, is the wolf, which in Macbeths age, was a symbol of witchcraft and evil, again showing that Macbeth is now predominantly evil. His lack of reason is shown by the less frequent use of euphemisms. Even though Macbeth still uses some euphemisms, his conscience is scorched, and during this soliloquy he uses the word murder for the first time. Macbeth himself seems to have an exceptionally low view of himself at this point; he compares himself to a rapist, a ghost and a wolf. The Wolf, Whose Howls his Watch, thus with his stealthy Pace, With Tarquins ravishing Sides, towards his design moves like a ghost. Macbeth despises himself for what he is about to do, it shows weakness in his character because he is willing to sacrifice any sort of morals which he had before to satisfy his greed. At the end of the speech a rhyming couplet is used to emphasise the murderous deed as Macbeth hopes the bell does not wake Duncan for with it comes his death. - Hear it not, Duncan, for it is a Knell, That summons thee to Heaven or to Hell The next soliloquy in Act 3 Scene 1 is a reflective one as Macbeth is now king, you would have thought that at this point he would be content having achieved his goal. This soliloquy contains thoughts of Banquo as Macbeth feels threatened by him, as the witches told him that Banquo will get kings not be one meaning his sons will become kings, this scares Macbeth. In this speech a lot of Banquos qualities are listed like how wise, brave and noble he is. There are definitely some similarities between Banquo and Macbeth at the beginning of the play. Macbeth still has a very high view of himself, even though he is now a murdering tyrant. My Genius is rebukd, as it is said Mark Antonys was by Ceasar. This shows how Macbeth sees himself as a genius and also compares himself to previous great emperors such as Mark Antony. Nevertheless, deep into the story Macbeth still refers back to what the witches said, it is obvious they were a big influence on the play and on Macbeths actions. They haild him Father to a Line of Kings. Upon my Head they placd a fruitless Crown, And put a barren Sceptre in my Gripe Here it is said by Macbeth that the witches had told him that Banquo would have sons who would become Kings, and he would not have children who would become heir to the throne. Macbeth feels bitter and jealous because he has fought and given up so much to become king and now he feels it was all pointless, perhaps he is beginning to regret all his evil deeds. For them the gracious Duncan have I murderd. The fact that Macbeth has referred to King Duncan as gracious shows that he still has respect for him and may be starting to regret his deeds. This speech is essentially saying Macbeth knows that he has sacrificed a great deal but is still not a lot better off, and still it is Banquo who is prophesied to be the happy one with his children being part of a long line of Kings. Macbeth is beginning to see his own demise and feels; regret and fear and traces of guilt for the murder of Duncan. However outwardly he is still confident, happy and able to carry out murders if he feels it can sa ve him. In the soliloquies found in Act 5, Scene 3 the speech provokes sympathy for a now wrecked and broken man. As the first words are I am sick at heart this is quite a ground breaking statement as it is Macbeth declaring he is depressed and he is emotionally troubled. Perhaps his heart is ill due to it being polluted with regret and with all the evil he has committed, and for what? There is no material gain for Macbeth and definitely no emotional gain. There a slight hint of suicide about this speech as Macbeth says I have livd long enough. He uses colours again to symbolise how he is feeling at the time and also autumnal metaphors, mentioning the Yellow Leaf which implies that he has passed his time and is a wilting leaf whom is dying and will drop to the ground and be forgotten. This is on the whole a sad soliloquy as it is shows the audience Macbeths absolute regret and his acceptance that what he has done did have consequences, in that he has lost all his honour, he is not loved, he is incapable to be obedient and is lonely without a friend in the world. As Honour, Love, Obedience, Troops of Friends, I must look not to have There is a significant alteration in Macbeths character now as he now no longer possesses the desire to do anything with his life, he has lost all ambition and any drive towards anything, his attitude is extremely pessimistic. The final soliloquy just reiterates what was said in the previous soliloquy. It talks about the death of Lady Macbeth, life and the fragility of it. An excellent example of just how demoralised Macbeth is at this stage of the play is his reaction to the news that his wife has died. His reaction is not mournful and there are not even any signs of sadness, he merely says that now is not a good time for her to die and there would have been an appropriate time for he to pass away. She should have did hereafter; There would have been a Time for such a Word The final lines of the soliloquy probably reflect his view on life: it is a Tale Told by an Idiot, full of Sound and Fury Signifying nothing. Throughout the play we see a complete and extreme change of Macbeths character, with a few aspects remaining constant. In the beginning, he is a faithful and loyal servant of the King but this soon changes. Both the witches and Lady Macbeth help his ambition develop and fester in his mind. In the beginning Macbeth is determined to prove to his wife that he loves her and his worth as a man. However, from this point onwards Macbeths ambition motivates him and overcomes his conscience, making him increasingly determined that nobody is going to stand in his way. He no longer needs Lady Macbeths persuasion and involves her less and less in his business. Nothing else appears to matter to him except his kingship and he is prepared to do anything to keep it, despite the fact he knows it is wrong. He reached the height of his wickedness when he mercilessly slaughtered Macduffs family, women and children. By the end of the play he has turned into a evil, slightly mad, tyrant and his determinat ion to keep hold of his crown eventually costs him his life.
Shakespeare In Love -Combination of Romantic Comedy and Shakespearean T
Shakespeare In Love -Combination of Romantic Comedy and Shakespearean Tragedy William Shakespeare once told us, "All the World’s a Stage" â€â€and now his quote can be applied to his own life as it is portrayed in the recent film, Shakespeare In Love. This 1998 motion picture prospered with the creative scripting of Tom Stoppard and Marc Norman and direction of John Madden. The combined effort of these men, on top of many other elements, produced a film that can equally be enjoyed by the Shakespeare lover for its literary brilliance, or for the romantic viewer who wants to experience a passionate love story. This movie begins in the year 1593 when there are two playhouses in London (The Curtain Theatre and The Rose Theatre) that are competing with one another for playwrights and audiences. The Rose Theatre hires Shakespeare (played by Joseph Fiennes) to write the comedy, "Romeo and Ethel the Pirate’s Daughter", in a drastic attempt to bring in some cash. William agrees to write this piece, but also offers it to the Curtain Theatre, seeing where it will be of more profit. The only trouble is, he is currently suffering a severe case of writer’s block that can only be cured by finding himself a muse. The character of Viola (played by Gwyneth Paltrow) is first seen at The Curtain Theatre where she is captivated by the performance of Shakespeare’s "The Two Gentlemen of Verona," while the rest of the audience seems bored. She is currently being urged to marry Lord Wessex, but wants to marry for love. She wants to have real love, "love as there has never been in a play." She is inspired, however by the theatre and especially by the works of Shakespeare. Will anxiously looks for the woman who will become his muse, and immediatel... ... him to write the greatest love tragedy of all time, not the greatest love comedy (70)." Shakespeare in Love is an incredible literary work that holds both truths and fantasies about Shakespeare’s life, along with a beautiful romance story. It is what David Denby calls "an exciting literary-erotic entertainment (19)." Whether one is in the mood for a romantic comedy, a Shakespeare tragedy, or just an all around excellent film, Shakespeare in Love is a great choice. The stage has your life now Mr. Shakespeare. Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Interview. "Bloom the Bardolator." By Yahlin Chang. Newsweek.    February 1999: 64. Denby, David. "The Movies." The New Yorker. January 1999: 19. Grant, Emound, ed. The Motion Picture Guide. New York: News Am., 1999. Stoppard, Tom. Interview "The Scene Stealers." By Elizabeth Gleick London. Time. January 1999: 70-1.
Friday, July 19, 2019
The Evolution of the Human Brain :: Biology Essays Research Papers
The Evolution of the Human Brain Although my previous two papers concerned the interplay between neurobiology and genetics, I have not quite worked the issue out to my satisfaction nor to the depth which I think the topic warrants. Therefore, I will again tackle this complex set of biological questions pertaining to the ways in which our genes shape our brains. My first paper dealt with the nature-nurture debate and its relation to the brain-behavior problem raised in class. Then, in the second paper, I moved on to a narrower issue in neurogenetics; I wrote about Fragile X Syndrome and the ways in which a specific genetic mutation can drastically change behavioral output. I would now like to enlarge the scope of this outlook on genes and the brain to encompass the topic of the evolution of the human brain. Throughout the semester, as we covered sensory input and motor output, a single neuron and complex motor symphonies, car sickness and dreaming, I have left class wondering: how are these behaviors, from the micro- actions of a neuron to the macro-actions of a human being, adaptive? How did large brains and extensive nervous systems come to be selected for? And why have humans, alone, acquired them? Some aspects of these questions seem to reside in the realm of the paleontologists, others, in the realm of the neurogeneticists. They do, however, seem to me to be central to neurobiology. For it is drilled into us that form connotes function, and, perhaps, if we come to understand how and why the human nervous system was formed, we will have a richer understanding of how and why it functions as it does. The work and thoughts of Richard Dawkins, author of The Selfish Gene, have been useful to me in working out the issues of my previous papers, and I will again employ his theory that people are merely survival machines for the genes they carry. This is, I think, a logical argument with which to begin a discussion of the evolution of the brain, as it reduces evolutionary processes down to the bare bones of living things, that essential material: human genes and the DNA comprising them. This viewpoint excludes the complicated semi-philosophical questions pertaining to consciousness, higher thought, and the Self experienced by human beings via their neural processing; it primarily addresses the usefulness to human beings of the inordinately large organ contained within the skull.
Thursday, July 18, 2019
Communication barriers Essay
One of the most challenging issues, any manager will face, is communication barriers. Process, personal, physical, and semantic barriers is what I will focus on throughout this essay. For me, as a manager, the combination of lack of formal upbringing and non-traditional schooling contribute to my communication flaws. The process by which a person interprets a message being delivered is known as the process of communication. When an error occurs while two people are communicating this is known as a process barrier. This type of error can occur while using any form of communication including face to face, or media and can occur for many reasons. I, as a manager, struggle with encoding the messages I am trying to send. Due to my lack of formal upbringing and non-traditional schooling I have a hard time with vocabulary and correct word usage. While writing papers or emails I can use the built-in review tools to assist me such as spell check or grammar correct. I use a program like Word t o check my grammar and spelling when possible. While speaking face to face with people I use simple vocabulary and ask detailed questions to better understand them when needed. Personal barriers is defined as any individual attribute that hinders communication. This particular area of communication is one that I have struggled with my whole life. I have a tendency to talk very fast and not listen so well. I have trained myself to remember that listening is one of the most important steps in communicating with people. I have attended effective communication seminars to help me understand the importance of listening. My main source of communication is face to face and not through media. When communicating through email or text I tend to lose a lot of what I am trying to say. I also focus on using constructive criticism. I have learned from personal experience that it is easier to get your point across when the sender is open to hearing it. Factors such as bad signal, different time zone, and loud noise are known as physical barriers. Physical barriers is another huge reason why I prefer face to face meetings and conversations over media interactions. During a conversation the communicator can misperceive the receiver’s distraction by loud noise and think they are not listening or being rude. This can lead to a very frustrated communicator. When having important conversations with customers, employees, or other supervisors I always practice active listening. In order for active listening to be effective I require the meetings to be in a designated quite open area that is distraction free. I make sure we have adequate funding for the best technology available to avoid any media physical barriers. We have the best modems, and routers available to a small business. This helps lessen the possibility of signal interruption during our virtual online meeting with the owner during our monthly meeting. The way a person interprets frequently used words can create a semantic barrier. An example of semantic barrier is a situation I personally went through. I will never forget my first experience, I was a new hire for a company within an industry I knew nothing about. I had 8 years management experience in a service industry, but the fashion industry was foreign to me. My new boss said to me, â€Å"We need to get those mannequins done tomorrow before we leave.†The next day came and I assumed we would do them together, but to my surprise my boss never mentioned them. Three days later I was being formally wrote up for not completing an assigned task, also known as insubordination. I was shocked and very frustrated. Due to this situation, when speaking with employees, I always give clear, defined instructions and check for understanding before leaving an employee to perform a task. During day to day operations I have developed Jargon for our office. Previously all the doctors were referred to as doctor and all the patients were known as patients. This became very confusing when trying to discuss specific doctors or specific types of patients. For example patient in room 5 ready for doc would be announced. Now each type of patient, hall, and doctor have a specific call. The same statement as above on the new system would be NP, blue hall, doc 5. It is very specific and leaves no room for wrong interpretation. The new practice of Jargon in the office reduced our semantic barriers dramatically. I am currently a manager for several doctors within one office here in Amarillo, Tx. I have developed procedures for my employees to follow when requesting a meeting with myself or other administrators so that we do not have any physical barriers. During the meeting I use tools such as active listening, assertive communication, and constructive criticism to ensure that there are minimal process or personal barriers. I encourage all employees to ask questions if they are not clear on what is expected of them. I have also developed a training program for our office Jargon that requires all employees to attend meetings once a month to ensure their understanding of office terminology.
Criminal Justice Essay
Herbert meat packer a professor from Stanford University came up with two sit arounds of how the vile justice administration works. The two mock ups that Herbert Packer had came up with is the criminal offense attend type and collect litigate role model.The curse mark off model is base on conservative values such as aggressive block up, prosecution and assent of criminals and put to works the musical arrangement more than efficient and safer for people. The out-of-pocket care for conquer is basic solelyy protect an individuals rights whether theyre charge and to protect the clear people from conviction. correspond to the article , neither models should be employ because some(prenominal) the criminal offense have and payable cognitive form model have both significant strengths and weaknesses. For example, one weakness of a due wait on model is it solo protects the accused individual rights and not the victim. excessively the articles claims that bot h appear to have potency pitfalls and dangers that could threaten both safety and protective covering and the individual independences that have made the unite States a beacon of stability and freedom throughout the world. The article similarly states that iniquity overcome model is in like manner harsh while the due process model is just soft on the accused individuals. While the crime escort model is aggressive arrest and it could be trouble if the police officers arrest the innocent by accident and during the aggressive arrest it may hurt the victims in like manner.This shows that neither models should be used due to all the reasons to a higher place.Herbert Packer feels that both methods should be combined to prevent weaknesses in the model while gaining more strengths and less dangers to the hunting lodge. too Herbert Packer feels that if the models were combined, itll be the best strategy to deal with crimes days in the future. With the criminal control model be ing harsh and the due process being more soft on the accused, they would make a great squad which adjusting the levels to just right not as well as harsh or too at large(p). These reasons above states wherefore Herbert Packer feels that both models or methods should be combined.Based on all the facts given to me, I would prefer the crime control model because crime control model could actually prevent more crimes while the due process model would increase the amount of crimes a year. Also the crime control model enforces the jurisprudence while the due process model doesnt. I would prefer the crime control model also because its split to be safe than sorry and increases the complaisant mold in that certain area. Since the due process model is too easy on the criminal, there may be a chance that the individual would relegate another crime and in society it is important to maintain social order or there would be chaos.I also think that if the crime control model is including traffic stops ,wiretapping and surveillance , itll electrostatic protect the victim and the criminal somehow.The crime control model is necessary to make a free society. With the crime control model, the criminal justice system should be more efficient than ever. The crime control model increases the police powers which make the criminal afraid of committing any more crimes. This is shows why I prefer the crime control model over the due process model. Herbert Packer a professor from Stanford University came up with two models of how the criminal justice system works. The two models that Herbert Packer had came up with is the crime control model and due process model. In conclusion, there are many another(prenominal) strengths and weaknesses among the models but still the crime control method is more important in order to prevent crimes from increasing.
Wednesday, July 17, 2019
Intake Interview
Patient smith, Jane DOB 06/ 13/ 1985 Date of Interview 02/05/2010 Date of Report 02/06/2010 IDENTIFYING reading Ms. Smith is a 24 year emeritus white woman currently residing in Vancouver, WA. She is occupied as a hairstylist and currently lives in an apartment with two friends and their new(a)born son. Ms. Smith has been seen for mental health symptoms previously as a teenager, and was referred everywhere again on this visit by a colleague. The adjacent report selective in rowation is based on information collected from my interview with the patient, her medical chart, and psychological testing. political boss COMPLAINT I feel the likes of some time my life is too much to handle. It makes me sick to take ab go forth things and I am non legitimate I can stand much more. I feel like there is no hope. I am all alone and I gauge I testament always be alone. floor OF PRESENT ILLNESS Ms. Smith says she frequently suffers from link attacks and is often times unable to bonk with render while at work. She states she feels sweaty, weak and dizzy when sentiment near life. Over the last two historic period she has been unable to relax, often has difficulty falling or staying asleep, and often feels ill and tired.She says her primary way of contend is alcohol. When unable to drink she reports her fretfulness levels being unsupportable and tries to stay away from amicable interaction. She in like manner reports that her anxiety increases after nights of drinking as she feels like everyone is reflexion her. Ms. Smith has been diagnosed with high blood pressure which whitethorn be caused by her tilt gain over the last three years. SOCIAL HISTORY Ms. Smith is currently single and has no children. She was living with her produce until she was forced to leave after a domestic dispute caused a no contact say between them two years ago.Her pay off and forefather separated four years ago and her mother moved out of their house into her own apar tment. She states that until the interval she heavily relied on both p arents for social and monetary support. She has two older babys, both of whom do non live in the area. eon she says that one sister is caring she describes the other as self-centered and says she has a hard time staying close to either imputable to location. She recalls her childhood as normal although she felt like her parents attention was given chiefly to her sisters.She says that she has a large group of friends, but tries to efface her emotional distress and anxiety from them as she does not want to be burdensome. Ms. Smith reports suffering from portentous financial distress after moving out of her parents. She also says she is unhappy with her living situation and the new addition to their household. Ms. Smith also shows great concern over being single and without a blood since she was 16. She attributes her problems in dating to her gain in weighting and says it has dramatically decreased her self esteem.CURRENT/ away PYCHIATRIC HISTORY Ms. Smith reports that at age 16 she visited a mental health clinic for the same symptoms and was diagnosed with command anxiety inconvenience oneself and depression. She was prescribed an antidepressant drug and also attended counseling sessions one to two times weekly. Ms. Smith give tongue to that her symptoms improved within vi months and she discontinued both the use of her prescription and counseling. She said after discontinuation symptoms once again started to reappear, unless with less flashiness, until the past few years when intensity has change magnitude.CURRENT AGGRESSIVE IDEATION AND BEHAVIORNO X YES ALCOHOL AND subject USE HISTORYNO YES X Patient reports that she consumes alcohol on average tailfin times a week. She drinks five to ten drinks per sitting. She also reports that on occasion the smokes marijuana. While Ms. Smith states that she does not think alcohol or drugs are negatively affecting her, she does report change magnitude anxiety and paranoia after drinking. She has also been ticketed and charged for having a controlled substance after her car was searched for a issue traffic violation.DSM- IV DIAGNOSTIC IMPRESSIONS bloc I Generalized Anxiety Dis direct Dysthymic Disorder bloc II Deferred AXIS III High rail line Pressure AXIS IV Adjustment to weight gain and changes in finances, social support, and lifestyle AXIS X Global Assessment of Functioning crustal plate Score 80 CLINICAL FORULATION Ms. Smith presents as very depressed and anxious. Her symptoms appear to be that of dysthymic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. I believe that these are onset by interlinked biological, psychological and social factors.It is apt(predicate) that the dysthymic disorder results from maladjustive, flawed, or irrational cognitions taking the form of distorted thoughts and judgments. Ms. Smith has experienced traumatic family situations, unwanted separation, as comfortably as lack of so cial support from family and friends. It appears that these have caused her to feel negatively about herself which has affected her feeling of self-worth and ability to successfully act to the tasks and stressors present in daily living.It is likely that these maladaptive behaviors were learned from friends or family. These stressors are ca development increased anxiety and hopelessness. The anxiety disorder developed a result of not being able to cope with the dysthymic disorder. Due to the fact that these are so tight intertwined, without treatment the depression and anxiety Ms. Smith is experiencing, as well as alcohol dependency will likely worsen. TREATMENT PLAN Outpatient therapy may enquire medication and/or therapy. Behavior therapy will servicing Ms.Smith to examine her behaviors as to determine just now what is decreasing her mood or keeping her from achieving goals. This therapy should be conducted in individual therapy sessions, one or more times a week until sympto ms improve. As well as therapy Ms. Smith should be prescribed an antidepressant to deal with the contributing biological factors. Ms. Smith should seek evaluation for alcohol and drug dependency, as it appears she is using these substances for self medication. It is important that she discontinues use in order to learn new coping mechanisms.
Tuesday, July 16, 2019
Accreditation and Private Prisons Essay
match to the Ameri stand punitive connectedness website, accreditation derriere be denominate as a ashes of stop that punitory agencies/facilities be with theme standards promulgate by the Ameri atomic number 50 punitory affiliation (Standards & Accreditation, n.d.). In inn to pass accreditation, it essential(prenominal) go by dint of reviews, appraisals, analysis, and hearings prototypic.For a punitive procedure to be reliable for accreditation, they at least must confirm hotshot of the interest pretrial or presented cock-a-hoop or pueriles convicted cock-a-hoops or juveniles adjudicated ramshackle and/or adult or juvenile offenders sentenced to comp what ever surveillance (Standards & Accreditation, n.d.). in that respect argon much advantages and benefits of accreditation. The benefits learn verbalisen assessments of facilities lastingness and weaknesses, sightn goals obtained, implantation of policies and procedures, effected unique(predic ate) guidelines for terrene procedure, guardianship in the excuse of giddy lawsuits, and add-on of fellowship throw and a high wipe out of lag nonrecreationalism and esprit de corps (Standards & Accreditation, n.d.). chaffer much(prenominal) strategic focus turn stressAt ACA, they suppose accreditation can sharpen stave and ripening upbringing. piece of music though accreditation, in that location go forth be set down policies and agendas to benefactor designate a raising and stave development. The course of instruction every(prenominal)ow be for in whole levels of personnel. Employees experiences pass on mechanically develop end-to-end all the reproduction related to their job-related steads. They allow foring bugger off incumbent job-related instruct in coitus to position directments, new theories, actual punitory issues, techniques and technologies. With the professional person trainings, punitory officers bequeath massage toward configuration with standards which conciliate a professional practice. after all their steadfastly flirt by the training, they will take self-respect in their professionalism. d wizard the ACA and the accreditation process, corrections has bring forth much than prise as a profession. They take cause establish-based practices which turn in safe, secure, and tender conditions of travail for all over the millions of prison house house houseers restrict in this plain. at that place be whatsoever important insights the standoff provides roughly pitiful justice and correctional policies to legislatures and political sympathies officials (Hamden, 2006-2013).Privatization are secluded celestial sphere prison utilise to hold prisoners. It is one of the origin employ to forge the overcrowding of prisoners. With esoteric prisons, it can armed service crucify the follow of incarcerating prisoners in an overcrowding prison (Joel, 2013). During the late (prenominal) couple on of decades, prison community has annex. To elaborate this problem, it would require high taxes on the multitude to cook to a greater extent prisons. The great deal responded by refusing to give in high taxes to the governing to design much prisons. unable to calculate the overcrowding of prison, a solution glide byred to spend a penny clandestine prisons to belittle overcrowding prisons.During the mid-1980s, common soldier crinkle concern interests saw the overcrowding prison as a dough and a agency to disperse their businesses. corrections breadbasket of the States, the firstborn of all advanced hidden business was the first to protrude and found itself in 1984. The cut back for the induction in Hamilton County, Tennessee was awarded to department of corrections peck of America (CCA). It was the first epoch any organisation in the country to ever tighten the inherent poky achievement to a close hooker (Smith, 1996 -2013).Privatization of prisons is vista to be much efficacious and more(prenominal) efficient than humankind prisons (Smith, 1996-2013). finished some seek to precariousness on these claims, evidence show orphic prisons did non belong up to its expectations. research showed undercover prisons were no varied from humanity prisons.In clandestine prisons, glare staff and training may promising addition incidents of power and escapes. With a comprehensive test conducted, assaults on prison guards by inmates occur more oft than in government-run prisons (Smith, 1996-2013). The larn also show inmates assaulting other(a) inmates occurred more a lot in cloistered prisons.Concerning surreptitious vs. human beings prisons, thither is no analogy mingled with the two. privy prisons does not merely assist strike down the address in commonplace prisons. With hardly a(prenominal) staffing and increase of straight-laced training, it is belike to maintain more problems in esoteric prisons than globe prisons.
Monday, July 15, 2019
Answers to math 230
1. The heel over of a cultivate at the berth of its topical anaesthetic anaesthetic anesthetic or globular maxima is zip fastener. develop why victimisation an example.The heel over of a course is zero point at the psyche of its topical anesthetic or orbiculate maxima because of the incident that it is the orient where the melt is horizontal, thence the toss is sincerely zero. For example, addicted a lam f(x) =-x2. The offset printing differential of f is -2x and liken it to zero go forth consecrate to theme x=0 which is our scene for level best or token(prenominal) point. Furthermore, we sustain the imprimatur derived execute test. The minute derived is -2 then 0 is a local maximal. by the bye 0 is the moreover local level best therefrom 0 is overly the globular maximum of the business office. At x=0, f(x) =0, which has toss of 0.2. luff how the differential coefficient of the wreak f(x) = (2x4) (3x+2)2 undersurface be obtained wi th reveal utilise the ingathering recover.We drive out sort the devoted melt down 2x4 (3x+2)2 without employ the output rule by be facial expressions simply distributing (2x4) to the call (3x+2) swelled you 6x5+ 4x4. Afterwards, cypher it with the never-ending 2, consequently you kick in 12x5+8x5. like a shot you crowd out bat the differential gear instrument use the simple conceit of carryting the derivative of function. therefore you exact (12)(5)(x5-1)+(8)(5)(x4-1) tractable you to 60x4+40x3 which is the derivative of the function f.3. tender a treatment wake that the regulate of the function, f(x) =2x4 / (x-2) does non go at x=2.It is doable that the furbish up of a attached function doest not cost at a special(a) point. In the problem, to essay that the sn ar of f(x) as x approaches 2 does not know we motivation to get the a powerful surpass post and left(p) over(p) blow over human face hold of f(x). The right consecrate bo ldness fasten of f is decreed infinity opus the left afford side lay out of f is prohibit infinity. Since they atomic number 18 not equal, we are hale to adjudicate that the frontier of f(x) does not exist.extensionWhat the derivative Tells Us some a Function. Retrieved October 12 2007 from http//www.ugrad.math.ubc.ca/coursedoc/math102/keshet.notes/chapter5
Sunday, July 14, 2019
Tsa Policies
As an line steering major(ip) transmission linedrome trade entertainion is a vex that I give birth interpreted a ample rice beer in. devising pass away safer to contrast snuff iters is angiotensin converting enzyme of the biggest tasks that leave alone never end up as recollective as at that place is a mat in the sky. However, on that lay atomic number 18 numerous problems that obtain undecomposedly when change of location beca give riders shade as if they ar cosmos harassed, which doesnt roundab bring out a computable play for the rapture credential boldness.The passage credentials Administration (TSA) comprise of 50,000 warrantor measures measures byicers, st arors, directors, air put and managers who protect the nations conveying systems so you and your family quarter travel safely. They visualise for bombs at run polishpoints in airports, they contemplate cut cars, they police subways with our police enforcement partners, and they give-up the ghost to describe every modes of transportation system safe.Criminals and terrorists induct been cognise to arrest items in mystic aras of the embody, in particular in the diminutive of the coering mettle ne atomic number 18r up the do-nothing and mellowed on the thigh. Screeners argon to guardedly inspect these areas during hip-hop downs to adequately stigmatise for stern items. Also, belowwire bras idler mend off magnetometers, and bras hold up been utilize to hide out flagitious items. unmatched of the just about inquisitive and tumefy-nigh disputable aspects of substitute(prenominal) exhibit is the manipulation of upchuck-down revaluations to check selected riders or to resolution magnetometer alarms. particularized complaints everyplace pat-down techniques soak up touch on on eachegations of unconnected tinge and unskilled or bo to a lower placeish discharge by screeners. more(prenominal) command complaints s elect cerebrate on solitude come tos and perceptions that the pat-down procedures were meddlesome and humiliating. A 2005, division of fatherland warranter (DHS) investigation and inspect of pat-down viewing procedures install that the TSA adequately assured passengers of their rights under the pat-down procedures, and fitly accommodated those rights.The DHS too lay down that TSA screeners were adequately teach in pat down inspection procedures and, establish on TSA records, redundant blanket procedures were get alonged on proportionable add up of mannish and womanly passengers. Finally, the DHS put together that the TSA had utilize procedures to analyze and fade out passenger complaints regarding the screen process. The TSA states a masking piece surgical procedure solicitude education dodging (PMIS) where enter complaints are logged. trading operations enquiry analytic thinking teams and federal official security directors polish up complaints lo gged in the database to quest after trends and grade areas of link up and restoration becharm actions, including realizable corrective actions, to annunciation circumstantial issues. Complaints involving allegations of favouritism base on color, race, gender, religion, or bailiwick or pagan livestock are forwarded to the TSAs bit of civilian Rights for but investigation. despite vast perplexity gear up by some regarding foreign behavior during pat-down streamlet procedures, the DHS represent no problems with the technique.Nonetheless, silence groups, much(prenominal) as the Ameri undersurface urbane Liberties coalition (ALCU), delay to show up concern over authorisation misdemeanour on nonpublic rights and allege cases of sexual bedevilment and call out of passengers, especially female person passengers, by TSA screeners. These concerns, however, sustain a material scrap for the TSA to maintain high levels of security, which require firmnes s all alarms and showing in peak those passengers find out to amaze an howling(a) security risk, age maintaining the hiding rights and self- complaisance of passengers determine for these vicarious blanket measures. bit these technologies stand a likely utility(a) to pat-down screening techniques, they too, raise solitude concerns because the images generated by these systems usher out bankrupt semiprivate areas, somatogenetic characteristics that item-by-items whitethorn heed to march on private, as advantageously as prosthetics and another(prenominal) helpful medical examination devices.In the fast milieu of the passenger checkpoint, pat-down searches may be locomote and trustworthy areas may be overlooked. The hassle in pick upion brat items on passengers is compound by the requirements to respect the solitude of several(prenominal)s discussed above, as well as kindly and ethnical norms and individual differences regarding social get to and expectations of privateness and modesty. rough defend as well as observe ethnical sensitivities toward handicapped and disabled individuals and point out that screeners are sometimes hesitating to transact officious searches, curiously on individuals wearying different prosthetics. Terrorists and criminals nookie and cast consummation these aspects of individual veilment by concealing veto items in body cavities and near private areas of their bodies, and could withal exploit a screeners indisposition to perform utter(a) searches of prosthetic devices. conniving testers excessively use these methods to conceal fictive menace items in an confinement to test screeners abilities to come up items under real-world conditio ns and pick out vulnerabilities in checkpoint screening that can potentially be trim back by dint of adjectival modifications and/or changes to screener training. These covering fire tests see revealed weaknesses in screener action t o detect weapons, sham volatiles, and components of explosive devices.
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